What is Port Security? By default Neutron enforces the following port security i.e. security on a per-port basis. Security Groups - All incoming and outgoing traffic is blocked for ports connected to virtual machine instances (unless a ‘Security Group’ has been applied).[1] Anti-Spoofing - As part of Neutron’

Introduction Within this tutorial, we will provide a beginner’s guide to subnetting. Before we dive into subnetting we will look into the structure of an IP address, along with some of the key IP schemes that assist in modern day IP subnetting. Note: The scope of this document covers

Introduction In this article we will look at threading vs multiprocessing within Python, and when you should use one over the other. TL;DR * What is the GIL (Global Interpreter Lock)? - Prevents more than 1 thread being run within a single CPython Interpreter/process. * Why do we need the

Introduction In this short article we will look into Python generators. A generator is, a function that returns an object (iterator) which we can iterate over (one value at a time).[1] Therefore, unlike lists, they are considered lazy. The key benefit to generators is that as they only produce

Within the ARP family, there are many different types. Within this article, we will look to explain ARP, RARP, Proxy ARP, and Gratuitous ARP. ARP ARP is an L2 protocol, used for discovering the MAC address (i.e physical address) of an IP address. This discovery is performed via an

Introduction In our previous article, we looked at - Inheritance vs Polymorphism. Within this article, we will look at another OOP aspect - Inheritance vs Composition. To explain this our example will be base upon a small ACL builder. This builder build an ACL for either an IOS or Junos

Background Recently I needed to lock down Netbox to only perform LDAP authentication for users present within its local (Django) DB. After some investigation Googling, I found that there was a setting within the Django LDAP module that would provide exactly this - AUTH_LDAP_NO_NEW_USERS. Great! However,

Introduction Two important terms to understand when learning Python and OOP (object-oriented programming) are inheritance and polymorphism. Inheritance Inheritance establishes a relationship between two classes - parent (superclass) and child (subclass). Child classes keep the attributes and methods of their parent, whilst also adding new attributes or methods of its

What are Network Policies? Network Policies in Kubernetes are a feature that allows you to specify how a group of pods can communicate with each other at Layers 3 (IP) and 4 (TCP/UDP). Note: Network policies are implemented by Network Plugins such as Weave, Calico, Cilium, etc, which are