Topology and Orchestration Specification for Cloud Applications (TOSCA), is an OASIS standard language to describe a topology of cloud based web services, their components, relationships, and the processes that manage them.[1] This in turn provides portability and agnostic automation management across cloud providers regardless of underlying platform or infrastructure.

Introduction The European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI) is an independent, not-for-profit, standardization organization in the telecommunications industry. Over the years ETSI have developed a number of standards/frameworks around NFV, that has lead to NFV ETSI MANO (Management and Orchestration). We will first look at the inital NFV standards from

Introduction Within this article, we will look into the basics of MPLS. To understand the need for MPLS, let us first review the process of IP packet forwarding. IP Packet Process When a router needs to forward a packet to another router, there are 3 basic steps: 1. The router

The other day I was asked, What interface should we use for the vPC peer-keepalive link? In fact this is a good question, considering the fact you wouldnt want to burn a SFP port just for the peer keepalive. After a short amount of digging, the answer was found within

Introduction We now come to the final part of the Cisco IOS FHRP series - GLBP (Gateway Load Balancing Protocol). Again, we will look at its features and then the configuration steps required to configure it on the Cisco IOS platform. What is GLBP? GLBP is a Cisco proprietary protocol,

Introduction In the previous part of this 3 part series, we looked at HSRP. Today we will look at VRRP, its features and how to configure it within Cisco IOS. VRRP vs HSRP VRRP is extremely similar to HSRP. However, unlike HSRP, VRRP is not Cisco proprietary. Let us look

Introduction Within this 3 part series we will be looking at 3 types of FHRP (First Hop Redundancy Protocol) on Cisco IOS - HSRP, VRRP and GLBP. We will look into the features that they each provide and also how to configure them. We will begin by exploring HSRP. So

Introduction Within this article, we will look at equal cost and unequal cost traffic distribution in EIGRP. Note: This article is written based upon Cisco IOS 15.x. ECMP - Equal Cost Out of the box, EIGRP provides ECMP, which can also be configured via the maximum-path command. Via the

Introduction Within this article we will look at a Cisco feature called EIGRP named mode. As this involves IPv6 we will also provide an overview of IPv6 in EIGRP, whilst also providing a configuration example. The Problem Though EIGRP supports both IPv4 and IPv6, the configuration methods for both differ.